Hydrological Functioning of Maize Crops in Southwest France Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and a Land Surface Model

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the representation energy budget for irrigated maize crops in soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer (SVAT) models. To end, a comparison between original version interactions soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) model based on single-surface balance and new ISBA-multi-energy (ISBA-MEB) option was carried out. second analyze intra- inter-seasonal variability crop water by implementing ISBA ISBA-MEB over six seasons 2008 2019 Lamasquère, southwest France. Seasonal dynamics convective fluxes were properly reproduced both models with R2 ranging 0.66 0.80 (RMSE less than 59 W m−2) sensible heat flux 0.77 0.88 latent flux. Statistical metrics also showed that seasons, turbulent fluxes, consistently better agreement situ measurements RMSE 8–30% lower ISBA, particularly when canopy heterogeneous. ability partition evapotranspiration (ET) term soil evaporation plant transpiration acceptable as predictions compared very well available sap flow during summer 2015; (ISBA-MEB had slightly statistics 0.91 value 0.07 mm h−1). Finally, results from analysis inter-annual can be summarized follows: (1) partitioning ET revealed strong year-to-year 40% 67% total ET, while dominant 2010 due late poor development; (2) drainage losses are close null because an impervious layer at 60 cm depth; (3) specific condition limited irrigation scheduling always extract stored root zone.